Exclusive Summary

• - Off-patent globally with long market history and steady demand, enabling rapid multi-country distribution.
• - First-line perioperative prophylaxis in WHO and multi-society guidelines; 1.0 g/0.5 g are standard hospital doses.
• - ~310 million surgeries per year worldwide sustain large, recurring demand driven by SSI burden across care settings.
• - PMDA-GMP and Japan registration provide strong quality and compliance credentials for tenders in quality-sensitive markets.
• - Typically 60–90% cost savings vs originator; dual strengths reduce wastage and optimize total cost of care.